第33卷第5期航天器环境工程Vol.33,No.52016年10月SPACECRAFTENVIRONMENTENGINEERING457http://www.bisee.ac.cnE-mail:htqhjgc@126.comTel:(010)68116407,68116408,68116544地基激光测距系统观测空间碎片进展张海峰1,2,邓华荣1,吴志波1,2,汤凯1,张忠萍1,2(1.中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030;2.中国科学院空间目标与碎片观测重点实验室,南京210008)摘要:卫星激光测距作为地基光电望远镜系统重要技术应用,可直接精确测量空间碎片距离,提升碎片目标轨道监测精度。基于上海天文台60cm口径激光测距望远镜,应用百赫兹重复率高功率激光器、高效率激光信号探测系统等,建立了空间碎片激光测距系统,实现了对距离500~2600km、截面积0.3~20m2的碎片目标观测,测距精度优于1m,具备了碎片目标常规测量与应用能力。此外,开展了空间目标白天监视技术研究,实现了亮于6星等恒星的白天观测,并进行了望远镜局部指向误差模型分析,分析结果可应用于空间碎片白天激光观测的目标监视与引导。关键词:空间碎片;激光测距;观测系统;白天恒星监视中图分类号:TN216文献标志码:A文章编号:1673-1379(2016)05-0457-06DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-1379.2016.05.001Observationsofspacedebrisbyground-basedlaserrangingsystemZHANGHaifeng1,2,DENGHuarong1,WUZhibo1,2,TANGKai1,ZHANGZhongping1,2(1.ShanghaiAstronomicalObservatory,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Shanghai200030,China;2.KeyLaboratoryofSpaceObjectandDebrisObservation,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing210008,China)Abstract:Thesatellitelaserrangingisoneoftheimportantapplicationtechnologiesfortheground-basedoptical-electronictelescopesystem,andthedistanceofthespacedebrisisdirectlymeasuredtoimprovetheorbitaccuracy.Basedonthelaserrangingtelescopewiththeapertureof60cmattheShanghaiAstronomicalObservatory,thespacedebrislaserrangingsystemissetupwiththedevelopmentofahighpowerlasersystemofhundredshertzrepetitionrateandalasersignaldetectionsystemofhighefficiency.Theroutinelaserobservationofspacedebrismayberealizedwiththemeasureddistancefrom500kmto2600km,thecrosssectionfrom0.3m2to20m2,therangingprecisionofbetterthan1m,foraccuratelymeasuringthespacedebris.Inaddition,themethodofmonitoringthespacetargetsinthedaytimeisalsostudiedpreliminaril...