ABriefintroductionofancientGreek&RomanAncientGreekArchitecture(BC800-AD300)1.Specificdimensionalcomposition特定的平面构成Mostofthearchitecturesarerectangular(onascaleof1:1.618or1:2)inshape,essentiallyconsistedofahallsurroundedbycolumns.（平面构成为1:1.618或1:2的矩形，中央是厅堂，大殿，周围是柱子，可统称为环柱式建筑））2.Threefamouskindsofcolumns/orders(柱式）:3.Decorationofdepiment(山花墙装饰）CorinthianColumn（科林斯式）IonicColumn（爱奥尼克式）DoricColumn（陶立克）•陶克立柱式形态简洁，其柱高是直径的6倍，雄健威武，向征男性美；爱尼奥柱式纤巧修长，柱高是直径的8~9倍，柱头用卷涡装饰，富有曲线美，象征女性美。科斯林柱式形态更复杂、更修长，上部是藤蔓似的卷涡，下面是曼妙的花纹，更具女性美。TheDonicstyleissimpleanditrevealsthemales’strength.LincolnMemorialisintheformofaGreekDorictemple.林肯纪念堂Itisalwaysdecoratedwithspiral（螺旋形的）orvolute（涡形的）ornaments.It’sslimandmuchmorelikeagentleandgracefulyounglady.TempleofAthenaNike胜利女神神庙女神廊柱（Erechtheion伊瑞克提翁神庙）Pediment（山花墙）•Greektemplewithapediment(Sicily)Greektemplewithapediment(Sicily)•Thepediment（山花墙）isthetriangularplaceundertheroofofaGreektemple.Eachtemplehastwo,oneonthefrontandoneontheback.Atfirstpedimentswereprobablyplain,butsoontheGreeksbegantodecoratepedimentswithstonesculpture.Oneoftheearliestpediments,onthetempleofArtemisontheislandofCorfu,hasascaryMedusaonit.LaterGreeksculptorsputwholescenesonpediments,usuallyoneexcitingpartofawell-knownmyth.TempleofArtemis,Corfu(ca.580BC)TempleofAphaeaatAegina(ShowstheTrojanWar)•TheParthenon（帕特农神庙）hasthestoryofthebirthofAthenaononeside,andthestoryofAthenaandPoseidonfightingtobethemaingodofAthensontheotherside.TheParthenon（帕特农神庙）AncientRomanArchitecture(BC300-AD365)•AncientRomanarchitectureadoptedcertainaspectsofAncientGreekarchitecture,butitdidcreatedlotsofnewarchitecturalstyles.ThefivemainachievementsofAncientRomanarchitecture•1.AncientRomanAqueducts(渡槽)•2.Pantheon万神庙•3.Publicbaths罗马公共浴场•4.Colosseum圆形大剧场•...